← Real Estate

VA-RES · Syllabus & Exam Outline 2026

Virginia Real Estate Salesperson

Exam-aligned study paths covering the national real estate core plus Virginia state law, in retention-first 15-minute topics.

Questions
120 questions (80 National, 40 State)
Time limit
150 minutes (105 minutes National, 45 minutes State)
Passing score
70% (National) and 75% (State)
Cost
$60
Format
Multiple choice
Delivery
Computer-based testing at PSI Examination Centers
Calculator
Only non-programmable calculators that are silent, battery-operated, do not have paper tape printing capabilities, and do not have a keyboard containing the alphabet will be allowed.
Prep time
~96 hours
Virginia Real Estate PSI Portal

Exam overview

The Virginia Real Estate Salesperson examination is the foundational test for prospective real estate agents in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Administered by PSI under the direction of the Virginia Real Estate Board (DPOR), this assessment is divided into two distinct parts: an 80-question National portion covering fundamental real estate principles, and a 40-question State portion focused exclusively on Virginia's specific laws, agency relationships, and regulatory standards. Preparing for the VA-RES requires a thorough understanding of both broad market mechanics and localized compliance rules. Candidates will find that areas like Contracts, the General Principles of Agency, and the Practice of Real Estate (which includes federal Fair Housing and strict Virginia escrow guidelines) carry the heaviest weight. Success hinges on synthesizing these rules into practical applications rather than mere rote memorization. To make studying more manageable, Only Ever maps every domain in this syllabus into targeted, 15-minute bite-sized lessons. This method allows you to master complex topics like the Virginia Residential Property Disclosure Act and intricate real estate calculations at your own pace, ensuring you walk into the testing center confident and prepared.

Exam domains & weighting

Each domain's share of the exam — study deepest where the weight is highest. Open one for how to study it and its objectives.

How to study this domain

Focus on the differences between real and personal property, and how title is held. Use flashcards to differentiate various tenancies (e.g., severalty, tenants in common) and learn the specific attributes of life estates, easements, and encumbrances.

Key objectives

  • Real and Personal Property Conveyances
  • Legal Property Descriptions
  • Measuring Structures and Land
  • Liens, Easements, and Encumbrances
  • Surface, Subsurface, Air, and Water Rights
  • Basic Types of Ownership and Tenancy
  • Common-Interest, Trusts, and Business Ownership
Study this domain

Readiness self-check

Tick off everything you can confidently explain. Anything left unchecked is your study list — tap “Review” to jump straight into that domain.

Readiness

0 / 11

Property Ownership

Review

Land Use Controls

Review

Valuation and Market Analysis

Review

Financing

Review

Contracts

Review

General Principles of Agency

Review

Property Disclosures

Review

Leasing and Property Management

Review

Transfer of Title

Review

Practice of Real Estate

Review

Real Estate Calculations

Review

Quick reference

Real Estate Acronyms & Regulations

Essential federal regulations and loan terminology heavily referenced on the National exam.

RESPA
Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act
TILA
Truth in Lending Act
TRID
TILA-RESPA Integrated Disclosure
ECOA
Equal Credit Opportunity Act
LTV
Loan-to-Value Ratio
PMI
Private Mortgage Insurance
PITI
Principal, Interest, Taxes, and Insurance

Key Real Estate Mathematical Concepts

Important mathematical concepts you will be required to calculate manually during the exam.

Loan-to-Value (LTV) Ratio

The amount of the loan compared to the appraised value or purchase price of the property (whichever is lower).

Capitalization Rate

The rate of return on a real estate investment property based on the income that the property is expected to generate.

Prorations

The proportional allocation of property taxes, interest, and other recurring expenses between buyer and seller at closing.

Discount Points

Fees paid directly to the lender at closing in exchange for a reduced interest rate (each point is typically 1% of the loan amount).

Frequently asked questions

Good to know

  • A small number of experimental items (5 to 10 questions) may be administered during the exam. These do not count toward or against your score or testing time.
  • Fingerprinting is mandatory for all Virginia real estate license applicants and can be done electronically at most PSI testing sites.
  • Candidates must provide two forms of valid, unexpired identification. The primary ID must be government-issued and bear a photograph and signature.
  • No personal belongings, including bulky outerwear and electronic devices, are permitted in the testing room. They must be placed in secure storage.

Reading isn’t remembering.

Virginia prep blends national real estate concepts with Virginia-specific license law and Commission rules, and most materials muddle the two.

Only Ever teaches the shared national core once, then layers Virginia state law, regulated by Virginia Real Estate Board, as focused 15-minute topics.